LUKE
Chapter 20
Update: 2024.11.14
Luke 20:1 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) it caused itself to come to pass (egeneto) in (en) one (mia) of the (tōn) days (hēmerōn) of him (autou) teaching (didaskontos) the (ton) people (laon) in (en) the (tō) sacred place (hierō), and (kai) causing himself to evangelize (euangelizomenou), the (hoi) chief sacrificial priests (archiereis) and (kai) the (hoi) writers (grammateis) stood over (epestēsan) together with (sun) the (tois) elders (presbuterois).
(For an outline of Jesus Christ’s accomplishments
in his earthly agency to his heavenly Father, see the note under Mat.
3:17.)
Luke 20:2 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) they enunciated (eipan), saying (lengontes) to him (auton), “Enunciate (eipon) to us (hēmin), in (en) what (poia) authority (exousia) do you do (poieis) these things (tauta)?
Or (ē), who (tis) is (estin) the (ho) [authority, RE] having given (dous) to you (soi) the (tēn) authority (exousian) of this (tautēn)?"
Luke 20:3 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) having been caused to make [a] decision (apokritheis), he enunciated (eipen) to (pros) them (autous), “I also (kagō) shall inquire (erōtēsō) [a] word (logon) of you (humas), and (kai) you enunciate (eipate) [[a] word, RE] to me (moi):
Luke 20:4 (LIT/UBS4) The (to) baptism (baptisma) of John (Iōannou), was (hēn) [it, AE] out (ex) of heaven (ouranou) or (ē) out (ex) of mortals (anthrōpōn)?”
Luke 20:5 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) the (hoi) [chief sacrificial priests, writers and elders, v1, RE] caused themselves to account (sunelogisanto) to (pros) themselves (heautous), saying (legontes) that (hoti), “If perhaps (ean) we may enunciate (eipōmen), ‘Out (ex) of heaven (ouranou)’, he shall state (erei), ‘Through (dia) what (ti) [reason, AE] did you absolutely not believe (ouk episteusate) him (autō)!?’
Luke 20:6 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) if perhaps (ean) we may enunciate (eipōmen), ‘Out (ex) of mortals (anthrōpōn)’, all (hapas) the (ho) people (laos) shall stone us down (katalithasei hēmas), because (gar) [of all the people, RE] having been persuaded (pepeismenos) John (Iōannēn) is (estin) to be (einai) [a] prophet (prophētēn).”
Luke 20:7 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) they were caused to make [a] decision (apekrithēsan) not (mē) to have seen (eidenai) from where (pothen) [was John's baptism, v4, RE].
Luke 20:8 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) the (ho) Jesus (Iēsous) enunciated (eipen) to them (autois), “But absolutely neither do I say (oude egō legō) to you (humin) in (en) what (poia) authority (exousia) I do (poiō) these things (tauta)!”
Luke 20:9 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) he caused himself to first (ērxato) speak (legein) the (tēn) parable (parabolēn) of this (tautēn) to (pros) the (ton) people (laon):
“[A] certain (tis) mortal (anthrōpos) planted (ephuteusen) [a] vineyard (ampelōna) and (kai) caused himself to give it out (exedeto auton) to land workers (geōrgois).
And (kai) he went away (apedēmēsen) [a] suitable number (hikanous) of times (chronous).
Luke 20:10 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) for [a] time (kairō) he sent (apesteilen) [a] slave (doulon) to (pros) the (tous) land workers (geōrgous), in order that (hina) they shall give (dōsousin) to him (autō) from (apo) the (tou) produce (karpou) of the (tou) vineyard (ampelōnos).
But (de) the (hoi) land workers (geōrgoi) sent [[the] slave, RE] out (exapesteilan) empty (kenon), they having skinned1194 (deirantes) him (auton).
Luke 20:11 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) he caused himself to add (prosetheto) another (heteron) slave (doulon).
But (de) the (hoi) [land workers, v10, RE] having skinned1194 (deirantes) and (kai) having dishonored (atimasantes) that [slave, RE] also (kakeinon), they sent [that slave, RE] out (exapesteilan) empty (kenon).
Luke 20:12 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) he caused himself to add (prosetheto) [a] third (triton) [slave, v11, RE] to send (pempsai).
But (de) the (hoi) [land workers, v10, RE] having traumatized (traumatisantes) this (touton) [slave, v11, RE] also (kai), they threw [this slave, RE] out (exebalon).
Luke 20:13 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) the (ho) lord (kurios) of the (tou) vineyard (ampelōnos) enunciated (eipen), 'What (ti) may I do (poiēsō)?
I shall send (pempsō) the (ton) son (huion) of me (mou), the (ton) beloved (agapēton) [son, RE].
Chances are even (isōs) they shall be made respectful (entrapēsontai) of this (touton) [beloved, RE] [son, RE].'
Luke 20:14 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) having seen (idontes) him (auton), the (hoi) land workers (geōrgoi) were being caused to reason through (dielogizonto) toward (pros) one another (allēlous), saying (legontes), ‘This (houtos) [son, v13, RE] is (estin) the (ho) heir (klēronomos)!
We may kill (apokteinōmen) him (auton), in order that (hina) the (hē) inheritance (klēronomia) might cause itself to become (genētai) ours (hēmōn)!’
Luke 20:15 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) having thrown him out (ekbalontes auton), outside (exō) of the (tou) vineyard (ampelōnos), [the land workers, v14, RE] killed (apekteinan) [the son, v13, RE].
Therefore (oun), the (ho) lord (kurios) of the (tou) vineyard (ampelōnos), what (ti) shall he do (poiēsei) to them (autois)?
Luke 20:16 (LIT/UBS4) [The lord of the vinyard, v15, RE] shall cause himself to come (eleusetai) and (kai) he shall destroy (apolesei) the (tous) land workers (geōrgous) of these (toutous), and (kai) he shall give (dōsei) the (ton) vineyard (ampelōna) to others (allois).”
But (de) [the people, v9, RE] having heard (akousantes) [the parable, v9, RE], they enunciated (eipan), “May it not cause itself to come to pass (mē genoito)!”
Luke 20:17 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) the (ho) [Jesus, v8, RE] having looked in1689 (emblepsas) to them (autois), he enunciated (eipen), “Therefore (oun), what (ti) is (estin) the (to) [prophecy, AE] having been written (gegrammenon), ‘[A] stone (lithon) of which (hon) the (hoi) [builders, AE] building [a] domed-roof house3618 (oikodomountes) disapproved (apedokimasan), this (houtos) [stone, RE] was caused to become (egenēthē) into (eis) [a] head (kephalēn) of [an] angle1137 (gōnias)!?
(For a stone becoming a head of an angle, see Psalm 118:22-23; Isa. 28:16-17; Mat. 21:42; Mark 12:10-11; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:1-11; Eph. 2:20; 1 Pet. 2:4-7)
(For an outline of Jesus Christ’s accomplishments
in his earthly agency to his heavenly Father, see the note under Mat.
3:17.)
Luke 20:18 (LIT/UBS4) The (ho) [builder, AE], anyone (pas), having fallen (pesōn) upon (ep’) the (ton) stone (lithon), that (ekeinon) [stone, RE], he shall be altogether broken (sunthlasthēsetai).
But (d’) upon (eph’) which (hon) [builder, AE] perhaps (an) [that stone, RE] may fall (pesē), [that stone, RE] shall crush (likmēsei) him (auton).”
Luke 20:19 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) the (hoi) writers (grammateis) and (kai) the (hoi) chief sacrificial priests (archiereis) sought (ezētēsan) to throw (epibalein) the (tas) hands (cheiras) [of them, AE] upon (ep’) him (auton) in (en) the (tē) same (autē) hour (hōra), and (kai) they were caused to be in fear (ephobēthēsan) of the (ton) people (laon).
Because (gar) they knew (egnōsan) that (hoti) he enunciated (eipen) the (tēn) parable (parabolēn) of this (tautēn) toward (pros) them (autous).
Luke 20:20 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) they having watched (paratētērēsantes), they sent (apesteilan) [spies, AE] down among (enkathetous) [the people, v19, RE], causing themselves to act (hupokrinomenous) to be (einai) righteous ones (dikaious) themselves (heautous);
in order that (hina) they might cause themselves to take hold upon (epilabōntai) [a] word (logou) of him (autou), so that (hōste) to pass him aside (paradounai auton) to the (tē) chief one746 (archē), and (kai) to the (tē) authority (exousia) of the (tou) leader (hēgemonos).
Luke 20:21 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) they inquired over (epērōtēsan) [the sake, AE] of him (auton), saying (legontes), “Teacher (didaskale), we have seen (oidamen) that (hoti) you speak (legeis) and (kai) you teach (didaskeis) straightly (orthōs), and (kai) you absolutely do not receive (ou lambaneis) [the] face (prosōpon) [appearance of mortals, vMat. 22:16; Mark 12:14; 2 Cor. 10:7; Gal. 2:6; Jude 1:16; RE].
BUT (all’), over (ep’) [the sake, AE] of Truth (alētheias), you teach (didaskeis) the (tēn) way (hodon) of the (tou) God (theou)!
Luke 20:22 (LIT/UBS4) Is it being outside1832 (exestin) [the law, AE] for us (hēmas) to give (dounai) [a] property tax5411 (phoron) to Caesar (Kaisari), or (ē) absolutely not (ou)!?"
Luke 20:23 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) he having entirely perceived (katanoēsas) the (tēn) shrewdness (panourgian) of them (autōn), he enunciated (eipen) to them (autous),
Luke 20:24 (LIT/UBS4) “Show (deixate) to me (moi) [a] denarius (dēnarion).
Of whom (tinos) does it have (echei) [an] icon (eikona) and (kai) [an] epigraph (epigraphēn)?”
But (de) the (hoi) [writers and the chief sacrificial priests, v19, RE] enunciated (eipan), “Of Caesar (Kaisaros)!”
Luke 20:25 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) the (ho) [Jesus, v8, RE] enunciated (eipen) to (pros) them (autous), “Nevertheless for now (toinun), give away (apodate) the (ta) [denarii, v24, RE] of Caesar (Kaisaros) to Caesar (Kaisari), and (kai) the (ta) [righteous ones, v20, RE] of the (tou) God (theou) to God (theō)!”
Luke 20:26 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) they were absolutely not strong enough (ouk ischusan) to cause themselves to take hold over (epilabesthai) him (autou) [over the sake of the, AE] Word (rhēmatos) [of him, AE], in sight (enantion) of the (tou) people (laou)!
And (kai) they having been amazed (thaumasantes) over (epi) the (tē) decision (apokrisei) of him (autou), they kept hushed (esigēsan).
Luke 20:27 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) some (tines) of the (tōn) Sadducees (Saddoukaiōn) having come to (proselthontes) [him, v26, RE], (the (hoi) [Sadducees, RE] being opposed (anti) to [a] standing up (anastasin) [out of dead ones, AE], [of it, AE] not (mē) to be (einai)), they inquired (epērōtēsan) of him (auton),
Luke 20:28 (LIT/UBS4) saying (legontes), “Teacher (didaskale), Moses (Mōusēs) wrote (egrapsen) to us (hēmin), ‘If perhaps (ean) [a] brother (adelphos) of someone (tinos) may die way (apothanē), having (echōn) [a] female (gunaika), and (kai) this (houtos) [brother, RE] might be (ē) [a] childless (ateknos) [brother, RE], that (hina) the (ho) brother (adelphos) of him (autou) should take (labē) the (tēn) female (gunaika), and (kai) he should stand up (exanastēsē) [a] seed/sperm (sperma) to the (tō) brother (adelphō) of him (autou).’
Luke 20:29 (LIT/UBS4) Therefore (oun), there were being (ēsan) seven (hepta) brothers (adelphoi).
And (kai) the (ho) first (prōtos) [brother, RE] having taken (labōn) [a] female (gunaika), he died away (apethanen) childless (ateknos).
Luke 20:30 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) the (ho) second (deuteros)[brother, RE],
Luke 20:31 (LIT/UBS4) and (kai) the (ho) third (tritos) [brother, RE], took (elaben) her (autēn).
But (de) in the same manner (hōsautōs) the (hoi) seven (hepta) [brothers, RE] also (kai) absolutely did not leave (ou katelipon) ones born (tekna), and (kai) they died away (apethanon).
Luke 20:32 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) later (husteron) the (hē) female (gunē) died away (apethanen).
Luke 20:33 (LIT/UBS4) Therefore (oun), the (hē) female (gunē), in (en) the (tē) standing up (anastasei), for which (tinos) of them (autōn) is she caused to become (ginetai) [the] female (gunē)?
Because (gar) the (hoi) seven (hepta) [brothers, ER] had (eschon) her (autē) for [a] female (gunaika).”
Luke 20:34 (LIT/UBS4) And (kai) the (ho) Jesus (Iēsous) enunciated (eipen) to them (autois), “The (hoi) sons (huioi) of the (tou) age (aiōnos) of this (toutou) marry (gamousin), and (kai) are given in marriage (gamiskontai).
Luke 20:35 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) the (hoi) [sons, v34, RE] of the (tou) age (aiōnos) of that (ekeinou), they having been valued down equally (kataxiōthentes) to attain (tuchein) the (tēs) standing up (anastaseōs), the (tēs) [standing up, RE] out (ek) of dead (nekrōn) [sons, v34, RE], they absolutely do not marry (oute gamousin), and they absolutely are not given in marriage (oute gamizontai)!
Luke 20:36 (LIT/UBS4) Because (gar) they are but absolutely no longer yet inherently powered (oude eti dunatai) to die away (apothanein)!
Because (gar) they are (eisin) equal messengers (isangeloi), and (kai) they are (eisin) sons (huioi) of the (tēs) God (theou), they being (ontes) sons (huioi) of the (tēs) standing up (anastaseōs).
Luke 20:37 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) that (hoti) the (hoi) dead (nekroi) [sons, v36, RE] are awakened (egeirontai), Moses (Mōusēs) also (kai) made evident (emēnusen) over (epi) the (tēs) brier bush (batou), as (hōs) he says (legei) [of the] Lord (kurion) [being] the (ton) God (theon, elohim) of Abraham (Abraam), and (kai) [the] God (theon, elohim) of Isaac (Isaak), and (kai) [the] God (theon, elohim) of Jacob (Iakōb)!
Luke 20:38 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) he is (estin) absolutely not (ouk) God (theos) of dead (nekrōn) [sons, v36, RE], BUT (alla), of living (zōntōn) [sons, v36, RE];
because (gar) all (pantes) [sons, v36, ER] live (zōsin) for him (autō)!”
(In Jesus' answer to the Sadducees in verses 34-38, does Jesus mean that these dead patriarchs are going to become sons of God by genus at their resurrections, as is the one body of Christ now?)
(See Ex. 3:6; Mat. 22:29-32; Mark 12:24-27; Luke 20:34-38)
Luke 20:39 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) some (tines) of the (tōn) writers (grammateōn) having been caused to make [a] decision (apokrithentes), they enunciated (eipan), “Teacher (didaskalle), you enunciated (eipas) beautifully (kalōs)”,
Luke 20:40 (LIT/UBS4) because (gar) they were absolutely no longer yet being audacious enough (ouketi etolmōn) to inquire (eperōtan) of him (auton) of absolutely not one (ouden) [inquiry, RE]!
Luke 20:41 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) [the Jesus, v34, RE] enunciated (eipen) to them (autous), “How (pōs) <can> [the writing, AE] say (legousin) the (ton) Christ (Christon) to be (einai) [a] son (huion) of David (Dauid)?
Luke 20:42 (LIT/UBS4) Because (gar) David (Dauid) himself (autos) says (legei) in (en) [a] book (biblō) of psalms (psalmōn), ‘[The] Lord (kurios, YHWH) enunciated (eipen) to the (tō) lord (kuriō, ādôn) of me (mou), ‘Cause yourself to sit down (kathou) out (ek) right (dexiōn) of me (mou)
Luke 20:43 (LIT/UBS4) until (heōs) perhaps (an) I may put (thō) the (tous) hateful ones (echthrous) of you (sou) for [a] footstool (hupopodion) of the (tōn) feet (podōn) of you (sou).''
(For Christ Jesus' footstool, see Psalm 110:1; Mat. 22:44; Mark 12:36; Luke 20:43; Acts 2:35; *Rom. 16:20; 1 Cor. 15:25-28; Eph. 1:22; Heb. 1:13, 2:8, 10:13)
Luke 20:44 (LIT/UBS4) Therefore (oun), David (Dauid) calls (kalei) him (auton) 'lord (kurion, ādôn)', and (kai) how (pōs) is he (estin) [a] son (huios) of him (autou)?”
Luke 20:45 (LIT/UBS4) But (de) [with, AE] all (pantos) of the (tou) people (laou) hearing (akouontos), [the Jesus, v34, RE] enunciated (eipen) to the (tois) disciples (mathētais) of him (autou),
Luke 20:46 (LIT/UBS4) “From (apo) the (tōn) writers (grammateōn) pay attention (prosechete), the (tōn) [writers, RE] desiring (thelontōn) to walk around (peripatein) in (en) stoles (stolais), and (kai) loving (philountōn) greetings (aspasmous) in (en) the (tais) marketplaces (agorais), and (kai) first seats4411 (prōtokathedrias) in (en) the (tais) synagogues (sunagōgais), and (kai) first recliners4411 (prōtoklisias) in (en) the (tois) dinners (deipnois);
Luke 20:47 (LIT/UBS4) [writers, v46, RE] who (hoi) devour (katesthiousin) the (tas) houses (oikias) of the (tōn) bereaved ones (chērōn);
and (kai) for outward showbiz (prophasei) they cause themselves to be well-thankful to4336 (proseuchontai) [God, AE] from afar (makra)!
These (houtoi) [writers, v46, RE] shall cause themselves to receive (lēmpsontai) [an] abundant (perissoteron) judicial decision (krima).”